來源:新航道深圳學校 瀏覽: 發布日期:2021-09-06 17:08:18
首頁雅思寫作中的語法是作文的奠基石,今天新航道雅思培訓小編今天給大家分享的是雅思寫作語法的“同位語及同位語從句的表示法和判別”。祝大家都能考取理想的分數~
在某一句子成分后面有另外的詞、短語或從句(同位語從句)對該成分作進一步說明,在語法上又處于同一地位(即作同一個成分),稱為同位語。
1.同位語在所說明的句子成分之后,其間沒有逗號
Unlike oxygen,the element nitrogen is not active.與氧不同,元素氮不活潑。nitrogen是the element的同位語
In today’s China,we returned students are able to do what we could not do before.在今日的中國我們歸國留學生能做過去不能做的事情。returned students是we的同位語
2.同位語前后有逗號、冒號或破折號
Yesterday they each saw Dr.Fang,a senior engineer.昨天他們各位都見到了方博士,他是一位gao級工程師。a senior engineer是Dr.Fang的同位語
We all have a common desire-to realize the four modernizations in China.我們都有一個共同的愿望——在中國實現四個現代化。不定式短語作同位語:to realize the four modernizations是desire的同位語
3.用or引出同位語
The boiling temperature,or boiling point,is the temperature at which a liquid boils under ordinary pressure.沸騰溫度即沸點,系液體在常壓下沸騰的溫度。boiling point是boiling temperature的同位語
The energy of electric current,or of electricity in motion,may be converted to any other form of energy.電流的能量即動電的能量,可以轉化為任何其它種能量。of electricity in motion是of electric current的同位語
4.用such as或as引出同位語
Some building materials such as cement and reinforcing bars are widely used in capital construction.某些建筑材料,例如水泥和鋼筋,廣泛使用于基本建設中。cement and reinforcing bars是building materials的同位語
Plastics as a class are not suitable as materials to carry heavy structural loads.塑料作為一類材料,并不適于作承受重型結構負荷的材料。這句里需要注意的是第1個as引出同位語,而第二個as則引出主語補足語。a class是plastics的同位語
5.用of引出同位語(of前常是一個概括的名稱,of后是具體的東西或具體數值)
This automobile is running at a speed of 70 miles an hour.該汽車正以每小時70英里的速度行駛。70 miles an hour是a speed的同位語
He worked in the city of Tianjin two years ago.兩年前他在天津市工作。Tianjin是the city的同位語
6.用namely,for example,including,particularly,that is(或i.e.)等引出同位語
We have only one way of solving the difficulty,namely,to rely on our own efforts.我們只有一條解決困難的途徑,即依靠自己的努力。to rely on our own efforts是one way of solving the difficulty的同位語
I want to visit these modern factories,especially the one where you work.我想參觀這些現代化的工廠,特別是你工作所在的那個廠。the one是modern factories的同位語
同位語從句一般用that,whether,what,which,who,when,where,why,how等詞引導,常放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,wish,promise,answer,evidence,report,explanation,suggestion,conclusion等抽象名詞后面,說明該名詞的具體內容。換言之,同位語從句和所修飾的名詞在內容上為同一關系,對其內容作進一步說明。
1.that引導同位語從句,同位語從句意義完整(that不充當任何成分,只起連接作用,不可省略)
The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.將軍下達了戰士們立即過河的命令。解析:the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部內容。
2.whether引導同位語從句同位語,從句意義不完整(if不能引導同位語從句)
We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我們將討論運動會是否會如期舉行的問題。解析:the sports meeting will be held on time意義不完整,應加“是否”的含義才能表達the problem的全部內容。
3.when,where,how等詞引導同位語從句,同位語從句意義不完整
I have no idea when he will be back.我不知道他什么時候才能回來。解析:he will be back意義不完整,應加“什么時候”的含義才能表達idea的全部內容。
I have no impression how he went home,perhaps by bike.我不記得他是怎么回來的,也許是騎自行車。解析:he went home意義不完整,應加“如何”的含義才能表達impression的全部內容。
4.當主句的謂語較短,而同位語從句較長時,同位語從句常后置。
The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.他想到可能敵人已逃離這座城市。解析:maybe the enemy had fled the city是the thought的同位語從句
想要學習更多雅思等出國英語考試的技巧,有效快速的提升雅思考試成績,可在下方留言咨詢,預約試聽新航道的雅思課程。